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Altan Tsagaan Ovoo

Quick Facts
Ownership:100%
Location:Dornod Province, Mongolia
Status:Operating & Expanding
Operation: Open-Pit Mine
Commodity:Gold and Polymetallic
Location
ATO Gold Mine is located in Tsagaan Ovoo soum, Dornod Province of Eastern Mongolia, 660 km east of the Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, 120 km northwest of Choibalsan, the provincial capital of Dornod Province, 38 km west of Tsagaan Ovoo soum.
The ATO Gold Mine is a multi-phase precious metals project fully owned by Steppe Gold Ltd, covering a single mining license over 5,492.63 hectares. Open pit mining operations commenced in 2020, initially focusing on near-surface oxide ores.

Phase I – Heap Leach (Oxide Ore)

The oxide portion of the ATO Project is processed through a conventional oxide heap leach flowsheet that includes crushing, heap leaching, and gold recovery facilities.

Phase I established a fully integrated heap leach operation with complete site infrastructure and produced 128Koz of gold and 265Koz of silver from 2020 through October 2025.

Phase II – Concentrator (Fresh and Transition ores)

ATO Phase 2 Expansion is progressing with turnkey engineering, procurement and construction contract and consulting partners, focusing on boosting annual capacity and recoveries. This is expected to raise throughput and efficiency but may shorten mine’s lifespan. A revised feasibility study is underway, following the November 2025 Board decision to increase throughput to 3.3 Mtpa and the adopt a zinc-flotation tailings process.

Per the 2022 Mineral Resources and Reserves Report (NI 43-101) of ATO, the Project is outlined to consist of collecting the crushed ore beneath the ore storage building, conveying to the concentrator, milling, flotation, and dewatering unit operations to produce saleable concentrates of lead, zinc, and pyrite. Tailings will be disposed of at the new Tailings Storage Facility, a component that is not included in the existing engineering and construction scope.

Development timelines are dependent on the receipt of remaining site and infrastructure permits, associated assessment work, the completion of the revised feasibility study and the satisfactory resolution of Phase II financing.

Land Package

5,493 Ha
Gallery
Technical Report

NI 43-101 Technical report

Geology & Deposit type

Geology: 

ATO sits regionally within the Devonian through Late Jurassic Mongol-Okhotsk tectonic collage that has been emplaced along a transform-continental margin of the North Asian Craton (NAC). A number of Late Jurassic-early Cretaceous broad, gold-bearing mineral belts have been recognized in eastern Mongolia. ATO is located north of the Main Mongolian Lineament (MML), and midway along the NNE trending 600km long Onon base and precious-metal province that crosses eastern Mongolia. Though ATO presently represents the only well-explored gold deposit in this part of Mongolia, many minor gold occurrences have been recognized throughout the region. The geology of the ATO Project region consists of metamorphosed Devonian sedimentary rock overlain by a volcanic and sedimentary sequence of Permian age and remnant scraps of probable Jurassic volcanoclastic units, intruded by Jurassic plutons ranging from diorite to granite in composition and including rhyolitic phases mainly as dykes.

 

Deposit type: 

ATO’s mineral deposit type is that of multiple surface epithermal deposits with intermediate sulphidation (feeder) pipes below. This implies a specific shape where the top part (near or at current surface) would represent a wide thinnish roughly circular accumulation of mineralisation in country rock around an original surface ground-water-interacting hydro-thermal or fumarole vent system. Below that would be a tall root-shaped breccia pipe, flared at the top and narrowing downwards, through which the magmatic or meteoric fluids rose above a lower hot igneous body. The pipe would be vertically veined and/or brecciated.

 

Mineralization

The ATO deposit is an epithermal gold and polymetallic deposit of transitional sulphides in breccia pipes in a Mesozoic continental rift zone in eastern Mongolia. It could be characterised as an intermediate sulphation system. Up to 2017 exploration focussed on three gold, silver and base metal mineralised sub-vertical pipes (Pipes 1, 2 and 4) spaced ~300 m apart on a WNW trend. Another pipe (Pipe 3) exists just west of the others but is not mineralised. Subsequently a fourth pipe-like body (Mungu) was found ~600 m to the northeast of Pipes 1, 2 and 4). The pipes have been emplaced into stratified rocks. The three pipes are elliptical in shape with the long axis oriented toward the northeast. Each have approximate surface dimensions of 300 * 150 m. The pipes taper to depth vertically. Mungu is a northeast plunging system of tall lenticular lodes. Pipes 1 and 2 are near paleo surface, epithermal (hot spring) emplacements and the upper parts of mineralized breccia pipes. Pipe 4 is slightly buried without the surface mineralisation.

Reserves & Resources

Notes
1. Mineral Reserves estimate was based on Measured and Indicated Resource Estimate by R. Rankin, QP and effective August 27 2022.
2. ATO and Mungu Mineral Reserves are effective as of August 27, 2022.
3. Mineral Reserves are included in Mineral Resources.
4. Mineral Reserves are reported in accordance with JORC and CIM and NI 43-101 guidelines.
5. Ore dilution is estimated at 3% and ore loss is 2%.
6. Contained metal estimates have not been adjusted for metallurgical recoveries.
7. The open pit mineral reserves are estimated using a cut-off grade of 0.40 g/t AuEq for oxide material and 0.43 g/t AuEq for transition and fresh material.
8. Mineral Reserves are contained within an optimised pit shell based on a gold price of $1,700 per ounce.
9. A conversion factor of 31.103477 grams per troy ounce and a conversion factor of 453.59237 grams per pound are used in the resource and reserves estimates.
10. AuEq has been calculated using the following metal prices: $1,700/oz gold, $20/oz silver, $1,970/t lead, $2,500/t zinc.
11. Totals may not match due to rounding.
12. The Mineral Reserves are stated as dry tonnes processed at the crusher.

Mining and Processing

Mining: The mining method at ATO is a conventional open pit operation with mining trucks, hydraulic excavators, and wheel loaders. The Project consists of two separate mining areas: the ATO and the Mungu Deposit. Only open pit mining is considered in the current mine plan; however, the Mungu deposit has additional Resources at depth which are outside the current mine plan.

All mining activities to date have occurred in the initial three ATO pits. Mining has been focused on extracting oxide ore in these areas. No mining has commenced at Mungu.

Processing: The existing oxide ore processing facilities comprise the following unit operations.

Crushing and Ore Handling

  • Primary Crusher: A vibrating grizzly screen and jaw crusher in open circuit producing a product P₈₀ of approximately 190 mm;
  • Secondary and Tertiary Crushers: A vibrating screen and cone crushers operating in closed circuit producing a final product P₈₀ of 25 mm;
  • Heap Placement: Crushed ore stacked to a 3,000 t capacity stockpile.

Heap Leach Pad

  • Ore Heap Leaching; and
  • Barren Solution Delivery and Pregnant Solution Recovery Piping Systems.

ADR Plant

  • Carbon-in-Column (CIC) Adsorption: Adsorption of solution gold onto carbon particles;
  • Desorption: Acid wash of carbon to remove inorganic foulants, elution of carbon to produce a gold rich solution, thermal regeneration of carbon to remove organic foulants; and
  • Recovery and Refining: Gold electrowinning (sludge production), filtration, drying, and smelting to produce gold doré.

The Phase 2 Concentrator facilities will include the following:

  • The crushed ore feeders located under the ore storage facility and conveyors to the concentrator; grinding, and classification;
  • Sequential Flotation Circuits for Concentrates of Lead, Zinc and Pyrite;
  • Dewatering of Concentrates of Lead, Zinc, and Pyrite; and
  • Tailings Thickening, Handling, and Disposal.

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